![]() However, studies on the epidemiology of fractures are lacking in general, and the previous studies are mostly studies on one or two modalities of KRT or fractures at specific sites, so comprehensive studies are needed. To do so, we should understand the characteristics of fractures and establish a fracture prevention strategy. Fractures can be prevented by delineating their frequency and location in these patients as well as the medications and modalities of KRT used to some extent. A population-based cohort study describing fracture risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared the fracture risk of patients with CKD before dialysis with patients undergoing dialysis, which revealed a higher risk (hazard ratio 1.16 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1,21 P < 0.001) in the latter group 5. 4 reported that the mode of dialysis and DM were not important predictors of hip fractures. Increasing age, female gender, prior hip fracture, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus (DM) and liver cirrhosis were identified as additional risk factors for hip fractures in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) 3. 3 reported that patients on hemodialysis (HD) showed a 31% higher incidence of hip fracture than those on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Based on recent meta-analysis of 14 published cohort studies evaluating the risk of hip fracture in patients undergoing dialysis, the pooled relative risk was reported to be 5.8 compared to the general population 2. In this regard, most of the existing studies are limited to hip fracture or report in one of KRT modality. The fractures in KRT patients result in high mortality and low quality of life, and they impose a severe economic burden. The risk of fracture in patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is known to be higher than in the general population 1. The results of this study inform the understanding of fractures in KRT patients. The use of steroids, anti-osteoporosis medications, and some classes of psychotropics and opioids was associated with an elevated risk. ![]() Diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung and liver disease were risk factors of fractures. The first fractures were about 2.55 ± 2.07 years after KRT initiation, the earliest in Hemodialysis patients. The two most common fracture sites were the lower limb and upper limb, regardless of KRT modality. ![]() person-year) incidence rate, respectively. Hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients had the highest (57. Fractures were occurred in 8995 (17.04%) of 52,777 patients with ESKD. We performed a retrospective analysis of 52,777 patients dependent on KRT from 2008 to 2017 using the National Health Insurance System of Republic Korea. The aim of this study is to explore the epidemiology of fractures by modality of kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Since fractures are preventable diseases to some extent, epidemiologic studies are needed a lot. The incidence of fractures in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is high which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. ![]()
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